Approaches Artificial intelligence
1 approaches 1.1 cybernetics , brain simulation 1.2 symbolic 1.2.1 cognitive simulation 1.2.2 logic-based 1.2.3 anti-logic or scruffy 1.2.4 knowledge-based 1.3 sub-symbolic 1.3.1 embodied intelligence 1.3.2 computational intelligence , soft computing 1.4 statistical 1.5 integrating approaches approaches there no established unifying theory or paradigm guides ai research. researchers disagree many issues. few of long standing questions have remained unanswered these: should artificial intelligence simulate natural intelligence studying psychology or neurology? or human biology irrelevant ai research bird biology aeronautical engineering? can intelligent behavior described using simple, elegant principles (such logic or optimization)? or require solving large number of unrelated problems? can intelligence reproduced using high-level symbols, similar words , ideas? or require sub-symbolic processing? john haugeland, coined term gofai (good old-fashioned artificial intelligence), propose...