Merlin Vacuum (1C) Merlin (rocket engine family)

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merlin 1c vacuum engine @ hawthorne factory in 2008


on march 10, 2009, spacex press release announced successful testing of merlin vacuum engine. variant of 1c engine, merlin vacuum features larger exhaust section , larger expansion nozzle maximize engine s efficiency in vacuum of space. combustion chamber regeneratively cooled, while 2.7 metres (9 ft)-long niobium alloy expansion nozzle radiatively cooled. engine delivers vacuum thrust of 411 kn (92,500 lbf) , vacuum specific impulse of 342 seconds. first production merlin vacuum engine underwent full duration orbital insertion firing (329 seconds) of integrated falcon 9 second stage on january 2, 2010. flown on second stage inaugural falcon 9 flight on june 4, 2010. @ full power, merlin vacuum engine operates greatest efficiency ever american-made hydrocarbon rocket engine.


an unplanned test of modified merlin vacuum engine made in december 2010. shortly before scheduled second flight of falcon 9, 2 cracks discovered in 2.7 metres (9 ft)-long niobium-alloy-sheet nozzle of merlin vacuum engine. engineering solution cut off lower 1.2 metres (4 ft) of nozzle , launch 2 days later, performance have been gained longer nozzle not necessary meet objectives of mission. shortened nozzle, engine placed second-stage orbit of 11,000 kilometres (6,800 mi) altitude.








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