Deep feedforward neural networks Artificial intelligence
deep learning in artificial neural networks many layers has transformed many important subfields of artificial intelligence, including computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing , others. according survey, expression deep learning introduced machine learning community rina dechter in 1986 , gained traction after igor aizenberg , colleagues introduced artificial neural networks in 2000. first functional deep learning networks published alexey grigorevich ivakhnenko , v. g. lapa in 1965. these networks trained 1 layer @ time. ivakhnenko s 1971 paper describes learning of deep feedforward multilayer perceptron 8 layers, deeper many later networks. in 2006, publication geoffrey hinton , ruslan salakhutdinov introduced way of pre-training many-layered feedforward neural networks (fnns) 1 layer @ time, treating each layer in turn unsupervised restricted boltzmann machine, using supervised backpropagation fine-tuning. similar shallow artificial neural networks, deep ne...