Modern Historical immigration to Great Britain

1 modern

1.1 indians
1.2 africans
1.3 germans
1.4 russian jews
1.5 immigration since 1945

modern
indians

by mid-19th century, there @ least 40,000 indian seamen, diplomats, scholars, soldiers, officials, tourists, businessmen , students in great britain. in 1855 more 25,000 of these lascar seamen working on british ships. lascars transitory group lodge in british ports in between voyages. late 19th , 20th centuries, there around 70,000 south asians in britain. @ start of first world war, 51,616 lascar seamen working on british ships. in 1932, indian national congress survey of indians outside india estimated there 7,128 indians in united kingdom. resident indian population of birmingham recorded @ 100 1939. 1945 1,000.

africans

during 18th century, small population of black people, thought number 15,000 mid-century, brought britain largely captain s share of cargo of transatlantic slave ships. many of these people became servants in aristocratic households , depicted in contemporary portraits of family – depicted in similar manner family pets. many black people became part of urban poor , depicted in caricatures , cartoons of william hogarth, others attained highly respected positions in society, e.g. ignatius sancho , francis barber – servant dr samuel johnson became beneficiary of will. these ships stopped carrying black people britain after banned slave trading in 1807.

following british defeat in american war of independence on 1,100 black loyalist troops had fought on losing side transported britain, ended destitute on london s streets , viewed social problem. committee relief of black poor formed. distributed relief , helped men go overseas, remained of british north america. in 1786, committee funded expedition of 280 black men, forty black women , seventy white wives , girlfriends sierra leone. settlement failed , within 2 years sixty of migrants had died.

germans

throughout 19th century small population of german immigrants built in britain, numbering 28,644 in 1861. london held around half of population, , other small communities existed in manchester, bradford , elsewhere. german immigrant community largest group until 1891, when became second russian jews. there mixture of classes , religious groupings, , flourishing culture built up, growth of middle , working class clubs. waiters , clerks 2 main occupations, , many worked in these professions went on become restaurant owners , businessmen, considerable extent. community maintained size until first world war, when public anti-german feeling became prominent , government enacted policy of forced internment , repatriation. community in 1911 had reached 53,324, fell on 20,000 after war.

russian jews

england has had small jewish communities many centuries, subject occasional expulsions, british jews numbered fewer 10,000 @ start of 19th century. after 1881 russian jews suffered bitter persecutions, , british jews led fund-raising enable russian co-religionists emigrate united states. however, out of 2,000,000 left russia 1914, around 120,000 settled permanently in britain. 1 of main concentrations same spitalfields area huguenots had earlier congregated. immigration reduced aliens act 1905 , virtually curtailed 1914 aliens restriction act. in addition russian jews settled permanently in uk estimated 500,000 eastern european jews transmigrated through british ports between 1881 , 1924. bound united states , others migrated canada, south africa, latin america , antipodes.

estimated number of migrants between 1800 , 1945

immigration since 1945