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Showing posts from April, 2011

The Northern Song Dynasty Ancient Chinese coinage

1 northern song dynasty 1.1 emperor tai zu (960–76) 1.2 emperor tai zong (976–97) 1.3 emperor zhen zong (998–1022) 1.4 emperor ren zong (1022–63) the northern song dynasty obverse , reverse of tian xi tong bao coin. in 960, general zhao kuangyin had throne thrust upon him mutinous officers. allowed later zhou family retire peacefully , established song dynasty. coins main basis of song monetary system. cloth had reverted status of commodity. aided exploitation of new copper mines, cash produced on large scale. yuanfeng period (1078–85), casting 17 different mints produced on 5 million strings year of bronze coins. mints produced 200,000 strings year; largest named shao zhou , located in guangdong, there large copper mine. produced 800,000 strings year. in 1019, coinage alloy set @ copper 64%, lead 27%, tin 9%. shows reduction of 20% in copper content compared tang dynasty kai yuan coin. with official coinage available, private coining not serious problem. song coins used on of asia, in...

Hollow handled spade money Ancient Chinese coinage

sloping shoulder money pointed shoulder spades: type of spade has pointed shoulders , feet, , long hollow handle. there 3 parallel lines on obverse , reverse, , inscriptions. found in n.e. henan , in shanxi, territory of duchy of jin, later become zhao. held later in date square shouldered spades. shape seems designed ease of tying in bundles, rather developed particular agricultural instrument. ^ cite error: named reference david invoked never defined (see page).

Cybernetics and brain simulation Artificial intelligence

in 1940s , 1950s, number of researchers explored connection between neurology, information theory, , cybernetics. of them built machines used electronic networks exhibit rudimentary intelligence, such w. grey walter s turtles , johns hopkins beast. many of these researchers gathered meetings of teleological society @ princeton university , ratio club in england. 1960, approach largely abandoned, although elements of revived in 1980s.

Song Lists .E2.80.93 Japan List of Karaoke Revolution songs

1 song lists – japan 1.1 karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 1 1.2 karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 2 1.3 karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 3 1.4 karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 4 1.5 karaoke revolution love & ballad 1.6 karaoke revolution night selection 2003 1.7 karaoke revolution anime song selection song lists – japan with @ least 9 volumes of j-pop best alone, several themed releases, there many more expansions of game available in japan compared north america. including song lists shown below, there 2 children s / family-themed releases, karaoke revolution kazoku idol sengen , karaoke revolution kids song selection. karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 1 karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 2 karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 3 karaoke revolution j-pop best collection volume 4 karaoke revolution love & ballad karaoke revolution night selection 2003 unlike variations of karaoke rev...

Qualification Gymnastics at the 2012 Summer Olympics

qualification based on results of 2011 world rhythmic gymnastics championships held in montpellier, france, 19–25 september; 2011 world artistic gymnastics championships in tokyo, japan, 7–16 october; 2011 trampoline world championships in birmingham, united kingdom, 17–20 november; , olympic test events held in january 2012 @ north greenwich arena.

Medical Center University of Kansas

the university of kansas medical center features 3 schools: school of medicine, school of nursing, , school of health professions each has own programs of graduate study. of fall 2013 semester, there 3,349 students enrolled @ ku med. medical center offers 4 year instruction @ wichita campus, , features medical school campus in salina, kansas devoted rural health care. the university-affiliated independent university of kansas hospital co-located @ university of kansas medical center.

Ratification status Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture

parties opcat as of september 2017, 84 states have ratified protocol: albania, argentina, armenia, austria, azerbaijan, belize, benin, bolivia, bosnia , herzegovina, brazil, bulgaria, burkina faso, burundi, cambodia, cape verde, central african republic, chile, costa rica, croatia, cyprus, czech republic, democratic republic of congo, denmark, ecuador, estonia, finland, france, gabon, georgia, germany, ghana, greece, guatemala, honduras, hungary, italy, kazakhstan, kyrgyzstan, lebanon, liberia, liechtenstein, lithuania, luxembourg, macedonia, madagascar, maldives, mali, malta, mauritania, mauritius, mexico, moldova, mongolia, montenegro, morocco, mozambique, nauru, netherlands, new zealand, nicaragua, niger, nigeria, norway, panama, paraguay, peru, philippines, poland, portugal, romania, rwanda, senegal, serbia, slovenia, south sudan, spain, sweden, switzerland, togo, tunisia, turkey, ukraine, united kingdom, , uruguay. a further 15 states have signed not ratified protocol: angola, aus...

Included applications Microsoft PowerToys

powertoys power calculator power calculator more advanced graphical calculator application built-in windows calculator; can evaluate more complex expressions, draw cartesian or polar graph of function or convert units of measurements. power calculator can store , reuse pre-defined functions, of arity. example, function can set cube(x) = x * x * x, , later can used in expression 5 + cube(4). not evaluate every time operator entered. rather, entire expression must entered calculation. in numeric mode, presents visual keypad, in other modes expression has typed in. scrolling text area maintains history of calculations. advanced view allows declaring , graphing functions, along list of saved functions. flyout window provides option of choosing either cartesian co-ordinate system or polar co-ordinates. can save list of variables use in expression. unit conversions of following types supported: length, mass, time, velocity, , temperature. powertoy calc has support typing calculations using r...

July List of shipwrecks in 1920

1 july 1.1 2 july 1.2 3 july 1.3 7 july 1.4 9 july 1.5 12 july 1.6 13 july 1.7 19 july 1.8 20 july 1.9 21 july 1.10 26 july 1.11 27 july 1.12 28 july 1.13 unknown date july 2 july 3 july 7 july 9 july 12 july 13 july 19 july 20 july 21 july 26 july 27 july 28 july unknown date

Biography William Moulton Marston

william marston (right) in 1922, testing lie detector invention marston had 2 children each both wife elizabeth holloway marston , live-in mistress olive byrne. elizabeth supported family financially while byrne stayed home take care of 4 children. both olive , elizabeth embodied feminism of day. psychologist , inventor marston creator of systolic blood pressure test, became 1 component of modern polygraph invented john augustus larson in berkeley, california. marston s wife elizabeth holloway marston suggested connection between emotion , blood pressure william, observing that, [w]hen got mad or excited, blood pressure seemed climb . although elizabeth not listed marston s collaborator in work, lamb, matte (1996), , others refer directly , indirectly elizabeth s own work on husband s research. appears in picture taken in laboratory in 1920s (reproduced marston, 1938). marston set out commercialize larson s invention of polygraph when subsequently embarked on career in entertainment ...

Antiquity Historical immigration to Great Britain

1 antiquity 1.1 roman empire 1.2 anglo-saxons 1.3 scots 1.4 irish antiquity for settlement/invasion of great britain before arrival of romans see article prehistoric settlement of great britain , ireland roman empire the first roman invasion of great britain led julius caesar in 55 bc; second, year later in 54 bc. romans had many supporters among celtic tribal leaders, agreed pay tribute rome in return roman protection. romans returned in ad 43, led emperor claudius, time establishing control, , establishing province of britannia. oppressive rule, gradually new leaders gained firmer hold on new territory @ 1 point stretched south coast of england wales , far away southern scotland. over 400 years of roman occupation of britain, majority of settlers soldiers garrisoned on mainland. constant contact rome , rest of romanised europe through trade , industry elite native britons adopted roman culture , customs, though majority in countryside little affected. the capital city of londonium et...

Studio albums The Smithereens

the smithereens, in 2015: jim babjak, pat dinizio, dennis diken, thrilla, , guest andy burton a date smithereens, 1994 (bmg/excelsior) #133 god save smithereens, 1999 (velvel/koch entertainment) meet smithereens!, 2007 (koch) (a tribute beatles, covering entire meet beatles! album) christmas smithereens, 2007 (koch) includes 3 original seasonal songs. b-sides beatles, 2008 (koch) (covers of beatles b-sides) the smithereens play tommy, 2009 2011, 2011 (eone music)

Early colonial period Mongalla, South Sudan

theodore roosevelt on safari after final defeat of caliphate (khalifa) british under general herbert kitchener in 1898, nile uganda border became part of anglo-egyptian sudan. expedition upriver omdurman (ondurman) arrived in december 1900. post had been established @ kiro transferred mongalla in april 1901 since kiro claimed in belgian territory. during 1904 posts established needed in mongalla districts suppress activities of abyssinian brigands infested country . until 1906 mongalla province part of upper nile province, after became separate administration. first governor angus cameron, appointed in january 1906. party anglican church missionary society (cms) arrived same month, decided not suitable base , instead located mission downstream @ bor. colonial administration opposed efforts cms convert bari people of mongalla. missionaries interpreted due influence of islam in weakening spiritual ideals of officials.cameron desired avoid friction muslims had undertaken of work of build...

Recreation and culture Darwin, Northern Territory

1 recreation , culture 1.1 events , festivals 1.2 arts , entertainment 1.3 recreation 1.4 parks , gardens 1.5 sports recreation , culture mindil beach markets events , festivals didgeridoo , clapstick players performing @ seabreeze festival on 1 july, territorians celebrate territory day. day of year, apart chinese new year , new year s eve, when fireworks permitted. in darwin, main celebrations occur @ mindil beach, large firework display commissioned government. weekly markets include mindil beach sunset markets (thursdays , sundays during dry season), parap market, nightcliff market , rapid creek market. mindil beach sunset markets popular locals , tourists alike , feature food, souvenirs, clothes , local performing artists. the darwin festival held annually, includes comedy, dance, theatre, music, film , visual art , nt indigenous music awards. other festivals include glenti, showcases darwin s large greek community, , india@mindil, similar festival held smaller indian community. c...

Major units assigned MacDill Air Force Base

1 major units assigned 1.1 world war ii 1.2 world war ii training units assigned 1.3 postwar units 1.4 united states air force major units assigned world war ii hq, southeast air district (later: third air force), 18 december 1940 – january 1941 hq, iii bomber command, 15 december 1941 – 8 april 1946 3d bombardment wing, 3 october 1940 – 5 september 1941 53d pursuit group, 15 january-8 may 1941 (p-40) 29th bombardment group, 21 may 1940 – 25 june 1942 (b-17/b-18 antisubmarine patrols) 21st bombardment group, 27 june 1942 – 10 october 1943 (b-26 otu) 336th bombardment group, 15 july-10 august 1942; 13 october-6 november 1943 (b-26 rtu) 488th bombardment group, 1 november 1943 – 1 may 1944 (b-17 rtu) re-designated: 326th army air forces base unit (heavy bombardment) 1 may 1944 – 30 june 1944 re-designated: 326th army air forces base unit (separation station) 89th combat crew training wing, 19 june 1944 – 8 april 1946 (reconnaissance training) 11th photographic group, january-5 october 19...

Fictional biography Michael Guerin

1 fictional biography 1.1 season one 1.2 season two 1.3 season three fictional biography season one michael in crashdown café max when liz parker accidentally shot during argument between 2 customers. michael tries stop max helping her. revealed later isabel, max , michael had made pact: never use powers in public, dangerous. michael , max make quick exit café. michael wants leave roswell realizes cover has been blown, convinced stay others. michael hardly attends school , has trouble sleeping when hears liz possibility of fourth alien having been in roswell in 1959. breaks sheriff s office answers, files needs had been taken fbi, instead finds key, gives him image of geodesic dome. can t seem image out of head , goes art class first time in few months draw it. james atherton book among us, michael finds location of dome. max , isabel don t want go him , can t convince them. there, without having own transportation, abducts maria , mother s car. during ride maria, relationship first st...

Recreation Cherry Springs State Park

1 recreation 1.1 dark skies 1.2 astronomical observing 1.3 woodsmen s show 1.4 camping, picnicking, , trails recreation dark skies the trifid nebula (m20) in sagittarius, seen park astronomers , stargazers appreciate cherry springs state park darkness , clarity of skies, make perhaps last best refuge of natural night sky in eastern half of united states. sky @ cherry springs has been classified 2 on bortle dark-sky scale, meaning has no light pollution. such dark, starry skies unavailable two-thirds of world s population, including 99 percent of people in continental u.s. , western europe . optimum conditions, 10,000 stars visible naked eye @ park, clouds appear black holes in starry sky, , milky way bright casts discernible shadow. in contrast, big city residents can see few dozen stars @ best, , in rural areas can typically see 2,000–3,000 stars. milky way cannot seen in eastern us, when there no moonlight obscure it. the quality of night skies @ park , growing ...

Confusion with marks left by roadwork Road surface marking

typical dash marks in middle of lane after dowel bar retrofit roadwork sometimes result of roadwork may leave visible marks on pavements. example dowel bar retrofit process reinforce concrete slabs in order extend life of older concrete pavements. completion of process leaves symmetrical pattern of dash marks on roadway, if there associated meaning pattern. when there many of them along roadway, motorists may interpret marks unknown form of mechanical markers or strange road surface markings. when roads under construction , lanes shifted laterally, marks may interfere temporary lane markings. marks dowel bar retrofit not intended form of road surface markings, responsible agencies try make these marks less visible motorists.

Season 5 (2012) X Factor (Danish TV series)

thomas blachman, pernille rosendahl , cutfather returned respective fourth, third , second seasons. cutfather given on 25s, rosendahl given under 25s , blachman in charge of groups. winner ida Østergaard madsen, mentored rosendahl. for first (and only) time, judge made unforced decision eliminate own act.

Custom frequencies High-speed multimedia radio

1 custom frequencies 1.1 420 mhz 1.2 900 mhz 1.3 1.2 ghz 1.4 2.4 ghz custom frequencies 1.5 3.3 - 3.8 ghz 1.6 5.8 ghz custom frequencies custom frequencies using amateur-only frequencies provide better security , interference characteristics amateur radio operators. in past used easy use modified consumer grade hardware operate 802.11 on channels outside of normal fcc allocated frequencies unlicensed users still inside amateur radio band. however, regulatory concerns non-authorized use of licensed band frequencies making harder. newer linux drivers implement custom regulatory database prevents casual user operate outside of country specific operating bands. requires use of radio transceivers based on use of transverter (or frequency converter) technology. 420 mhz doodle labs privately held manufacturing company headquarters in singapore designs , manufactures line of long range wireless data transceiver devices. the dl-435 mini-pci adapter based on atheros wireless chipset. xagyl commu...

Tourism Perak

masjid ubudiah ipoh, state capital, legendary silky soup noodles called sar hor fun , hainanese chicken rice. tambun pomelo, popular fruit in perak, tropical delight. the lost world of tambun theme park surrounded 400 million-year-old limestone mountain, , includes 175-room hotel. kuala kangsar, 48 km north of ipoh on perak river, royal town. dominated 3 buildings: istana iskandariah, istana kenangan , ubudiah mosque. istana iskandariah, located on hill overlooking river, palace of sultan of perak. istana kenangan, constructed temporary residence during iskandariah s construction known beautiful architecture. ubudiah mosque impressive structure topped constellation of bright golden domes. perak state museum located in taiping, , oldest museum in malaysia. kellie s castle located in batu gajah. built in 1915 , never completed owner william kellie smith returned england , died there. castle perched on top of hill in used rubber estate. castle once believed haunted, many secret room...

Main numbers Thai numerals

1 main numbers 1.1 0 ten 1.2 ten million 1.3 numbers above million 1.4 decimal , fractional numbers 1.5 negative numbers 1.6 ordinal numbers main numbers zero ten thai sūn written oval 0 (number) when using arabic numerals, small circle ๐ when using traditional numerals, , means centre in other contexts. sanskrit śūnya, (context-driven) alternate names numbers 1 4 given below; not counting 1 (number). thai names n +1 , regular digits 2 through 9 shown in table, below, resemble in chinese varieties (e.g., cantonese , min nan) spoken in southern china, putative homeland of tai. in fact, etymology of thai numerals 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, , 10 middle chinese, while etymology of thai numeral 5 old chinese, illustrated in table below numerical digit characters, however, identical khmer numerals. thai , lao words numerals identical, however, numerical digits vary in shape. shown below comparison between 3 languages using cantonese , minnan characters , pronunciations. thai transliteration uses r...

Rail transport Transport in Tel Aviv

the hashalom rail station tel aviv has 4 train stations along ayalon highway. stops north south: tel aviv university, tel aviv savidor central, tel aviv hashalom (near azrieli center shopping mall) , tel aviv hahagana (near central bus station). estimated more million people travel train surrounding cities tel aviv each month. since completion of ayalon highway railway section in 1993, tel aviv has been central hub rail transport in israel. savidor central railway station alone handled approximately 38,000 passengers day in summer 2009. railway lines tel aviv include israel railways s main line, running beersheba nahariya, lines ashkelon, modi in, rishon letziyon, kfar saba , jerusalem. trains stop @ stations in tel aviv, except trains , er sheva not reach tel aviv university, trains bound rishon lezion harishonim , late night trains stop @ tel aviv savidor central. stations of israel railways, other dimona, directly reachable tel aviv.

Economics Hubbert peak theory

oil imports country pre-2006 energy return on energy investment the ratio of energy extracted energy expended in process referred energy return on energy investment (eroi or eroei). should eroei drops one, or equivalently net energy gain falls zero, oil production no longer net energy source. there difference between barrel of oil, measure of oil, , barrel of oil equivalent (boe), measure of energy. many sources of energy, such fission, solar, wind, , coal, not subject same near-term supply restrictions oil is. accordingly, oil source eroei of 0.5 can usefully exploited if energy required produce oil comes cheap , plentiful energy source. availability of cheap, hard transport, natural gas in oil fields has led using natural gas fuel enhanced oil recovery. similarly, natural gas in huge amounts used power athabasca tar sands plants. cheap natural gas has led ethanol fuel produced net eroei of less 1, although figures in area controversial because methods measure eroei in debate. the ass...

Hampton Mansion Towson, Maryland

hampton national historic site operated u.s. national park service. home , grounds formerly core of vast ridgely estate. site includes ridgely s 18th century georgian manor house, gardens, grounds, , original stone slave quarters. national park service offers free admission , guided tours.

Family Vespasian

vespasian born in village north-east of rome called falacrinae. family relatively undistinguished , lacking in pedigree. paternal grandfather, titus flavius petro, became first distinguish himself, rising rank of centurion , fighting @ pharsalus pompey in 48 bc. subsequently became debt collector. petro s son, titus flavius sabinus, worked customs official in province of asia , became money-lender on small scale among helvetii. gained reputation scrupulous , honest tax-farmer . sabinus married in status, vespasia polla, father had risen rank of prefect of camp , brother became senator. sabinus , vespasia had 3 children, eldest of whom, girl, died in infancy. elder boy, titus flavius sabinus entered public life , pursued cursus honorum. served in army military tribune in thrace in 36. following year elected quaestor , served in crete , cyrene. rose through ranks of roman public office, being elected aedile on second attempt in 39 , praetor on first attempt in 40, taking opportunity ing...

Series 4 List of unmade Doctor Who serials and films

1 series 4 1.1 untitled storyline (ford) 1.2 don t sit close screen 1.3 supermarket sweep 1.4 underground 1.5 wallpaper 1.6 untitled storyline (roberts) 1.7 untitled storyline (roberts) 1.8 children of blackmere rise 1.9 web of lies 1.10 sarah jane , return of spiders 1.11 servant of spiders 1.12 miracle on bannerman road 1.13 s asleep 1.14 school trip 1.15 time team 1.16 trinity wells investigates 1.17 untitled storyline (roberts) series 4 untitled storyline (ford) written phil ford. story idea considered first , second episodes of fourth series. set @ park vale comprehensive school, have concerned aztec priestess had lived thousands of years , working there english teacher. don t sit close screen written joseph lidster. story idea considered third , fourth episodes of fourth series. involved new children s television show causes viewer become possessed. aliens responsible harness electrical impulses in viewers brains, aim being eradicate humanity can live uninterrupted in elect...

Description Morris Commercial J4

1 description 1.1 engine , running gear 1.2 naming , capacity 1.3 developments description engine , running gear the van fitted available familiar b series petrol engine in 1622cc form , also, @ cost, 1500 cc diesel unit. stopping power came drum brakes round; there no servo assistance. suspension similar on austin cambridge/morris oxford of time: front independent suspension incorporated coil springs , hydraulic lever-type shock absorbers while rear springing achieved semi-elliptic leaf springs. naming , capacity in 1960s light vans named load capacity, , van @ time called morris 10/12 cwt. (the cwt – pronounced hundredweight – imperial unit of weight used in britain @ time , equivalent approximately 50 kg:, these names therefore denoted load capacity of 500/600 kg. there cwt had different value.) developments during life van underwent minor improvements under metal. however, in 1967 vans still shipped synchromesh on top 3 forward gears only. engine lived in driver s ca...

Submitted for season 8 List of unmade Doctor Who serials and films

1 submitted season 8 1.1 cerebroids 1.2 space war 1.3 hollow men 1.4 spare-part people 1.5 untitled storyline (camfield) 1.6 untitled storyline (worth) submitted season 8 the cerebroids written brian wright, story commissioned on 24 june 1970 before being abruptly dropped on 29 june 1970. the space war written ian stuart black , known furies, six-part story commissioned on 9 november 1969. the hollow men written brian hayles. seventh doctor past doctor adventure novel released same title in april 1998, has unrelated plot. the spare-part people written jon pertwee & reed de rouen , known brain drain , labyrinth, seven-part story submitted production team in summer of 1970. in proposed storyline doctor poses cambridge don investigate series of disappearances. himself kidnapped , taken civilization under antarctica. untitled storyline (camfield) written douglas camfield, story involved hidden amazon city , submitted in late 1970. untitled storyline (worth) written martin worth, st...

History WLAN-FM

former branding to further insure station s success, lontine reconfigured station s transmission , audio facility of technical , studio engineers frank grunstein , frank fody. the original air staff of new sound cadillac jack operations manager , morning show hosts patty ford eagle 106/philadelphia (now wisx) , mark cruz x104 fresno, california (kfbt). today, cadillac jack afternoon drive host on wogl in philadelphia , patty ford national voice on artist in boston. chuck lontine became media investment banker , managing director of marconi media ventues in denver.

Demographics Pikesville, Maryland

in 19th , 20th centuries jewish immigrants baltimore area first formed enclaves in east baltimore not far johns hopkins hospital in neighborhoods such broadway east, jonestown, middle east , oliver. after world war ii, jewish community started move outside of baltimore city pikesville sleepy outpost on major road led western maryland. during vietnam war, , exacerbated riots in 1968, many jewish businesses left northwestern baltimore followed exodus. pikesville (and more neighboring communities north, owings mills , reisterstown) have been considered center of baltimore area s jewish community since mid nineteen fifties (referred residents 100,000 jews in 3 zip codes ). many of region s largest , established synagogues , jewish schools located in or near pikesville.

Reconstructionist perspective Christian Reconstructionism

christian reconstructionists advocate theonomic government , libertarian economic principles. maintain distinction of spheres of authority between family, church, , state. example, enforcement of moral sanctions under theonomy carried out family , church government, , sanctions moral offenses outside authority of civil government (which limited criminal matters, courts , national defense). however, believe these distinctions become blurred, application of theonomy implies increase in authority of civil government. reconstructionists argue, though, under theonomy, authority of state severely limited point judicial branch exists (e.g., homosexual not fear of police force breaking in house @ night, since, under theonomy, there no executive branch , therefore no police). reconstructionists theocratic government not oligarchy or monarchy of man communicating god, rather, national recognition of existing laws. prominent advocates of christian reconstructionism have written according understa...

Charts All I See

^ kylie minogue album & song chart history ^ archívum – slágerlisták – mahasz – magyar hanglemezkiadók szövetsége (in hungarian) ^ kylie minogue . allmusic. 28 may 1968. retrieved 23 december 2011.  ^ archived copy . archived original on 1 february 2009. retrieved 1 february 2009. 

Classification and mechanisms of action Joint mobilization

^ maitland, g.d. peripheral manipulation 2nd ed. butterworths, london, 1977. maitland, g.d. vertebral manipulation 5th ed. butterworths, london, 1986. ^ how manipulation works ^ evans dw, breen ac (2006). biomechanical model mechanically efficient cavitation production during spinal manipulation: prethrust position , neutral zone . j manipulative physiol ther. 29 (1): 72–82. doi:10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.11.011. pmid 16396734. 

April List of shipwrecks in 1937

1 april 1.1 2 april 1.2 4 april 1.3 6 april 1.4 7 april 1.5 9 april 1.6 10 april 1.7 12 april 1.8 13 april 1.9 24 april 1.10 25 april 1.11 26 april 1.12 28 april 1.13 29 april 1.14 30 april april 2 april 4 april 6 april 7 april 9 april 10 april 12 april 13 april 24 april 25 april 26 april 28 april 29 april 30 april

Anglo-Irish Treaty Michael Collins (Irish leader)

collins in london delegate anglo-irish treaty negotiations. the irish delegates london were, upon de valera s insistence, designated plenipotentiaries , meaning had full authority sign agreement on behalf of dáil government. treaty subject approval vote of full dáil. the majority of irish treaty delegates, including arthur griffith (leader), robert barton , eamonn duggan (with robert erskine childers secretary general delegation) set headquarters @ 22 hans place in knightsbridge on 11 october 1921 , resided there until conclusion of negotiations in december. collins shared quarters @ 15 cadogan gardens delegation s publicity department, secretary diarmuid o hegarty, joseph mcgrath substantial intelligence , bodyguard personnel including liam tobin, tom cullen, ned broy, emmet dalton , joseph dolan of squad. the british side represented pm lloyd george, colonial secretary winston churchill , f. e. smith, among others. 2 months of arduous wrangling ensued. irish delegation made frequent...